git command cheat sheet - short description

GIT command cheat sheet with short descriptions

Git task	Notes	Git commands
Tell Git who you are	Configure the author name and email address to be used with your commits.Note that Git strips some characters (for example trailing periods) from user.name.	git config --global user.name "Sam Smith" git config --global user.email sam@example.com
Create a new local repository		git init
Check out a repository	Create a working copy of a local repository:	git clone /path/to/repository
	For a remote server, use:	git clone username@host:/path/to/repository
Add files	Add one or more files to staging (index):	git add <filename>git add *
Commit	Commit changes to head (but not yet to the remote repository):	git commit -m "Commit message"
	Commit any files you've added with git add, and also commit any files you've changed since then:	git commit -a
Push	Send changes to the master branch of your remote repository:	git push origin master
Status	List the files you've changed and those you still need to add or commit:	git status
Connect to a remote repository	If you haven't connected your local repository to a remote server, add the server to be able to push to it:	git remote add origin <server>
	List all currently configured remote repositories:	git remote -v
Branches	Create a new branch and switch to it:	git checkout -b <branchname>
	Switch from one branch to another:	git checkout <branchname>
	List all the branches in your repo, and also tell you what branch you're currently in:	git branch
	Delete the feature branch:	git branch -d <branchname>
	Push the branch to your remote repository, so others can use it:	git push origin <branchname>
	Push all branches to your remote repository:	git push --all origin
	Delete a branch on your remote repository:	git push origin :<branchname>
Update from the remote repository	Fetch and merge changes on the remote server to your working directory:	git pull
	To merge a different branch into your active branch:	git merge <branchname>
	View all the merge conflicts:View the conflicts against the base file:Preview changes, before merging:	git diffgit diff --base <filename> git diff <sourcebranch> <targetbranch>
	After you have manually resolved any conflicts, you mark the changed file:	git add <filename>
Tags	You can use tagging to mark a significant changeset, such as a release:	git tag 1.0.0 <commitID>
	CommitId is the leading characters of the changeset ID, up to 10, but must be unique. Get the ID using:	git log
	Push all tags to remote repository:	git push --tags origin
Undo local changes	If you mess up, you can replace the changes in your working tree with the last content in head:Changes already added to the index, as well as new files, will be kept.	git checkout -- <filename>
	Instead, to drop all your local changes and commits, fetch the latest history from the server and point your local master branch at it, do this:	git fetch origingit reset --hard origin/master
Search	Search the working directory for foo():	git grep "foo()"

Source:
https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/svn-to-git-prepping-your-team-migration/basic-git-commands

linux terminal commands for beginner level

Navigating the File System

• ls — List files and directories in the current working directory.
• pwd — Output the absolute path of the working directory.
• cd — Change the current directory to a specified path.
• pushd/popd — Save and restore directories using a stack for quick navigation.
• file — Identify the type of a file based on its content.
• locate — Quickly find files by name using a pre‑built database.
• updatedb — Refresh the file name database used by locate.
• which — Show the full path of a command’s executable.
• history — Display a numbered list of recently executed commands.

Getting Help

• whatis — Display a one‑line description of a command from the manual.
• apropos — Search manual page names and descriptions for a keyword.
• man — Open the detailed manual for a command.

Working with Files

• mkdir — Create one or more new directories.
• touch — Update file timestamps or create an empty file if it doesn’t exist.
• cp — Copy files and directories from one location to another.
• mv — Move or rename files and directories.
• rm — Permanently delete files or directories.
• rmdir — Remove empty directories only.

Working with Text Files

• cat — Concatenate and display file content on the terminal.
• more/less — View file contents one screen at a time, with navigation.
• nano — A simple, beginner‑friendly terminal text editor.

Managing Users

• sudo — Run a command with elevated privileges as another user (default root).
• su — Switch to another user account in the terminal session.
• users — List the usernames of currently logged‑in users.
• id — Display your user ID, group ID, and supplementary group memberships.

Changing File Permissions

• chmod — Modify read, write, and execute permissions for a file or directory.

Killing Programs and Logging Out

• Ctrl+C — Interrupt and terminate the foreground process.
• killall — Terminate all processes matching a given name.
• exit — Close the current shell session or log out.